什么是心律不齐？Cardiac dysrhythmia

现在有很多人都会问什么是心律不齐？因为很多人都有心律不齐。心律不齐的定义是：心脏病变导致心脏博动异常的病理现象，“心律不齐”指的是你的心跳或快或慢，超过了一般范围。

按照心律不齐的定义分析，很多人在激动或紧张时都是心律不齐吗？

其实以上的心律不齐的定义并没有把什么是心律不齐解释透彻。

一般情况下，如心律不齐发生在年轻人或壮年人身上，以功能性较为多见。老年人心律不齐，则多见于器质性病变。心律不齐好发于青年患者，二三十岁的患者多见。心律不齐主要是由于窦房结的异常传导冲动造成的。常见于心肌炎、冠心病、风心病、酸碱失衡及电解质紊乱等造成的心律不齐，对于年轻的患者心肌炎和酸碱失衡是最常见的诱因，心肌受到损害，处于缺血缺氧状态，心脏其他的搏动点就容易发生异常搏动。

很多心律不齐都没有任何症状。如果有症状，一般为下面几种：1.心悸（一种患者自身能够感觉到的心跳变快加重）2.心跳缓慢3.不规则心跳4.心跳之间心脏暂停。严重疾病引起的心律不齐，多伴有一些症状，常见有头晕、胸闷、胸痛、气急、多汗、颜面苍白、四肢发冷、抽搐、昏迷等。轻微的心律不齐仍可以照常工作和学习。

最后提醒患者应该注意：如心律不齐来得迅猛，且发作时间持续较长或发作频繁，每分钟早搏超过5次以上，多表示病情较重，应及时就医。来势不急、持续时间又短，或发作次数少，则多表示病情较轻，可以观察一段时间。

取穴：（一）内关、间使。（二）内关、通里、少府

适用症状： 心脏跳动不顺，有时快，有时慢。

English version from: 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_dysrhythmia

Cardiac dysrhythmia (also known as arrhythmia) is a term for any of a large and heterogeneous group of conditions in which there is abnormal electrical activity in the heart. The heart beat may be too fast or too slow, and may be regular or irregular.

Some arrhythmias are life-threatening medical emergencies that can result in cardiac arrest and sudden death. Others cause symptoms such as an abnormal awareness of heart beat (palpitations), and may be merely annoying. These palpitations have also been known to be caused by atrial/ventricular fibrillation, wire faults, and other technical or mechanical issues in cardiac pacemakers/defibrillators. Still others may not be associated with any symptoms at all, but may predispose the patient to potentially life threatening stroke or embolism.

Some arrhythmias are very minor and can be regarded as normal variants. In fact, most people will on occasion feel their heart skip a beat, or give an occasional extra strong beat; neither of these is usually a cause for alarm.^[1]

Proarrhythmia is a new or more frequent occurrence of pre-existing arrhythmias, paradoxically precipitated by antiarrhythmic therapy, which means it is a side effect associated with the administration of some existing antiarrhythmic drugs, as well as drugs for other indications. In other words, it is a tendency of antiarrhythmic drugs to facilitate emergence of new arrhythmias.

The term sinus arrhythmia refers to a normal phenomenon of mild acceleration and slowing of the heart rate that occurs with breathing in and out. It is usually quite pronounced in children, and steadily decreases with age. This can also be present during meditation breathing exercises that involve deep inhaling and breath holding patterns.

Point taking: PC6, PC5, H5, H8

内关 PC6

定位：在前臂掌侧，当曲泽与大陵的线上，腕横纹上 2 寸，掌长肌腱与桡侧腕屈肌腱之间。

Neiguan (PC6):

volar forearm, when the song Chak connection with the big hills on the wrist stripes on the 2-inch, tendon and the radial side of the wrist between the flexor tendon. Reaching Yang palm, 2-inch stripes in the wrist, tendon flexor carpi radialis tendon and between the acupoints.

功能：宁神镇痛，疏肝和中。

主治：心痛，心悸，胸闷，胃痛，呕吐，癫痫，热病，上肢痹痛，偏瘫，失眠，眩晕，偏头痛。

间使 PC5：

定位：在前臂掌侧，当曲泽与大陵的连线上，腕横纹上 3 寸，掌长肌腱与桡侧腕屈肌腱之间。　

Jian Shi (PC5):

volar forearm, when the song Chak connection with the big hills on the stripes on the 3-inch wrist, tendon and the radial side of the wrist between the flexor tendon. Reaching Yang palm, 3-inch stripes in the wrist, tendon and flexor carpi radialis between the acupoints.

宽胸解郁，宁心降逆。

功能：心痛，心悸，胃痛，呕吐，热病，疟疾，癫狂痫。

通里：H5

定位：在前臂掌侧，当尺侧腕屈肌腱的桡侧缘，腕横纹上 1 寸。

Tong Li (H5):

volar forearm, flexor carpi ulnaris tendon when the radial side edge of the stripes on the l-inch wrist. Yang palm, flexor carpi ulnaris tendon at the radial side of the border, when the door of God and the small sea connection, 1.5 inches at the wrist stripes on acupoints.

功能：宁志安神。育阴清心

主治：心悸，怔忡，暴暗，舌强不语，腕臂痛。

少府 H8:

定位：在手掌面，第 4、5 掌骨之间，握拳时，当小指尖处。

Shao Fu (HT8):

In the palm side, between the first metacarpal 4,5, fist, when the little finger at. Yang palm flexor, 4,5 metacarpophalangeal joints in the rear, when the little finger and ring finger between the acupoints.

功能：清心宁神。

主治：心悸，胸痛，小便不利，遗尿，阴痒痛，小指孪痛。